Understanding a Mystery in Different Types of Writing

A mystery purveys the element of shock and awe. We explore hidden paths or explore the unknown until we discover the truth. A mystery is usually presented in the form of a novel or a short story, but it could also be a non-fiction book that explores uncertain or illusory facts. Murders in the Rue Morgue Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) is usually recognized as the father of the modern mystery. Murder and suspense are evident in fiction before Poe, but it was with Poes works that we see the emphasis on using clues to get to the facts. Poes Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841) and The Purloined Letter are among his famous detective stories. Benito Cereno Herman Melville first serially published Benito Cereno in 1855, and then republished it with five other works in The Piazza Tales the next year. The mystery in Melvilles tale starts with the appearance of a ship in sad repair. Captain Delano boards the ship to offer assistance--only to find mysterious circumstances, which he cant explain. He fears for his life: am I to be murdered here at the ends of the earth, on board a haunted pirate ship by a horrible Spaniard?--Too nonsensical to think of! For his tale, Melville borrowed heavily from an account of the Tryal, where slaves overpowered their Spanish masters and tried to force the captain to return them to Africa. The Woman in White With The Woman in White (1860), Wilkie Collins adds the element of sensationalism to the mystery. The discovery by Collins of a young and very beautiful young woman dressed in flowing white robes that shone in the moonlight inspired this story. In the novel, Walter Hartright encounters a woman in white. The novel involves crime, poison, and kidnapping. A famous quote from the book is: This is a story of what a womans patience can endure, and what a mans resolution can achieve. Sherlock Holmes Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930) wrote his first story at the age of six, and published his first Sherlock Holmes novel, A Study in Scarlet, in 1887. Here, we learn how Sherlock Holmes lives, and what has brought him together with Dr. Watson. In his development of the Sherlock Holmes, Doyle was influenced by Melvilles Benito Cereno and by Edgar Allan Poe. The novels and short stories about Sherlock Holmes became enormously popular, and the stories were collected into five books. Through these stories, Doyles depiction of Sherlock Holmes is amazingly consistent: the brilliant detective encounters a mystery, which he must solve. By 1920, Doyle was the most highly paid writer in the world. The successes of these early mysteries helped to make mysteries a popular genre for writers. Other great works include G.K. Chestertons The Innocence of Father Brown (1911), Dashiell Hammetts The Maltese Falcon (1930), and  Agatha Christies Murder on the Orient Express (1934). To learn more about the classic mysteries, read a few of the mysteries of Doyle, Poe, Collins, Chesterton, Christie, Hammett, and the like. Youll learn about the drama, the intrigue, along with the sensational crimes, kidnappings, passions, curiosities, mistaken identities, and puzzles. Its all there on the written page. All of the mysteries are designed to baffle until you discover the hidden truth. And, you may come to understand what really happened!

The Scare Of Lack Of Security - 1045 Words

â€Å"Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that† -Martin Luther King Jr. As the July attacks in Nice, France start to dissolve from the headlines the effects still weigh heavily on Paris, and the other countries around the world. They will forever be remembered and France will continue to pay for the attacks economically. The Nice attacks effect’s France economically due to the scare of lack of security which causes decrease of tourism. On July 14th, 2016, Bastille Day in France scores of people were celebrating all day and then were concluding the day to watch fireworks. Thousands of people were lined out along the promenade, a very long road and one of the main roads in†¦show more content†¦A few travelers that were present on Bastille day said that there were â€Å"no police or security measures in place to protect them especially all along the beach.† (Laure Teresi, Washington Post) Although countless people have complained of the lack of security officials are responding that they â€Å"have reached the maximum we could reach in terms of security measures†¦ security now is now more a qualitative problem then a quantitative problem.† (Bolstering, Washington post) The threat of security is not only everyone safety but also the decrease of people traveling to other countries because of the threat of their lives. The most visited country in the world, France, has been through many terrorist attacks with its most recent being in Nice. It is becoming speculated that France will start to see more decrease in tourism, which could lead to major economic failure. Tourism is one of the biggest incomes in France, they make over 200 million a year through tourists. â€Å"With tourism accounting for 78% of the eurozone’s No. 2 economy last week’s truck attack on the French Riviera deals a new blow to an industry that had yet to recover fully from the bloody assaults in Paris in January and November last year, which were also claimed by Islamic State† (Reuters) Tourism in France was down 20% before the attacks in Nice and now it is speculated that it will come down another 10-20%. The visitors in FranceShow MoreRelatedMcCarthyism: Weeding out Communist Threats or Saving Capitalism1431 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat potential as a revisionist look at the impacts of McCarthy’s red scare on the politics in the United States ended with a rudimentary analysis of the repercussions of a fabricated fear of communism. 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Planning Vacation Free Essays

Krista Curtis Professor: Shelley St. Ange-Sheldon Essay: Problem Solving April 7th, 2013 Vacation time â€Å"A penny saved is a penny earned. † â€Å"A job worth doing is worth doing right. We will write a custom essay sample on Planning Vacation or any similar topic only for you Order Now † We apply both of these sayings to the working world all of the time. Why not apply them to our vacationing world as well? Like most people, I look forward to a vacation, but planning it can become overwhelming if you’re not prepared. Planning a vacation should be fun and exciting. Vacationing is not always a priority to many families due to economic distress, but as little as a few hundred dollars you can plan a weekend getaway that’s inexpensive but a lot of fun! Figuring out what you’re interested in is a major factor in your planning. Not everyone is into car shows, bike rallies or the typical Disney vacation. Don’t overlook major cities. Metropolitan areas like Jamestown, Norfolk, and Washington, D. C. offer families a variety of cultural and historical events that are child-friendly as well as interesting for adults. Look for destinations with sights, sounds, and adventures that match with your kids’ interests like sports, theatre, art, history or architecture and choose a place that offers something for each one of your family member. First I would like to mention which states we would like to visit as a family, secondly I will discuss my finances and other requirements that best suit my family, and finally I would like discuss which state that I feel best meets those requirements. How to cite Planning Vacation, Papers

Night Essay Paper Example For Students

Night Essay Paper ?Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, which has turned my life into onelong night, seven times cursed and seven times sealed. Never shall I forget that smoke. Nevershall I forget the little faces of the children, whose bodies I saw turned into wreaths of smokebeneath a silent blue sky. Never shall I forget those flames which consumed my faith forever. Never shall I forget that nocturnal silence which deprived me, for all eternity, of the desire tolive. Never shall I forget those moments which murdered my God and my soul and turned mydreams to dust. Never shall I forget these things, even if I am condemned to live as long as GodHimself. Never.? -Elie WieselThe Holocaust-the mass murder of European Jews by the Nazis during World War II. Itwas the unthinkable, the horrific murder of 6 million Jews and millions of civilians of differentethnic and racial backgrouds. It was average men entering the German army and turned intoNazis, cold-blooded killers. It was the connotation of Holocaust which became Night, by ElieWiesel. This paints a picture, full of vivid imagery and truth, about the genocide of his ownpeople. Elie witnesses the starvation, brutal beating, and eventual death of his friends, family,and fellow Jews. Wiesel, himself, survived Auschwitz, Buna, Buchenwald, and Gleiwitz, allGerman concentration camps, where atrocities such as cremation and murder hung thickly in theair like a heavy cologne. Born September 30, 1928, Eliezer Wiesel led a life representative of many Jewishchildren. Growing up in a small village in Romania, his world revolved around family, religiousstudy, community, and God. Yet his family, community, and his innocent faith were destroyedupon the deportation of his village in 1944. One of the main topics in this book is how Elie, a boy of strong religious faith, along withmany of his fellow jews, lose their faith in God due to the horrific effects of the concentrationcamps. Elie Wiesel lived his early childhood in the town of Transylvania, in Hungary, during theearly 1940s. At a young age, Elie took a strong interest in Jewish religion, while he spent mostof his time studying the Talmud. Eventually he makes aquaintances with Moshe the Beadle whotakes Elie under his wing, and also instructs him more in depth of the ways of the Talmud andcabbala. Elie is taught to question God for answers through Moshes instruction. Moshe is sent away to a concentration camp, and upon his return, Elie finds that he haschanged dramatically. This is a foreshadowing of what will become of Elies faith in the strengthand power of God. ?Moshe had changed.. .He no longer talked to me of God or the cabbala, butonly of what he had seen.?(4) The first evidence of Elies loss of faith, is while he questions God during the selectionprocess. This process is concerned with separating the young, strong, and healthy Jews, from theold, weak, sickly, and/or infants. The Jews were separated from their loved ones who wereimmediately sent to the crematory or burned in large fire pits. Elie says goodbye to his motherand sister, unknowing that it will be the last time that he will ever see them again. Many of hisfellow Jews began to pray and recite the Kaddish, a Jewish prayer for the dead, with hopes toconsole their own grievances for the loss they had suffered. However, Elie questions, ?Whyshould I bless His name? The Eternal, Lord of the Universe, the All-Powerful and Terrible, wassilent. .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd , .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .postImageUrl , .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd , .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:hover , .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:visited , .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:active { border:0!important; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:active , .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u80ac27e8dbddf2fa3e7ddc6d39bed2fd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Flower Decoration Essay What had I to thank Him for(31) Elie witnesses a load of children being dumped into apit of flames which he labels as the ?Angel of Death,? and at this point, the diminishing effectsof the first night of camp life are already taking a toll on Elies religious faith and personalself-worth. The final deterioration of Elies idea of God, where he renounces all belief in Hisexistence, is during the funeral of 3 Jewish males who were hanged the day before. One ofwhom was a child, so mere in weight, whom struggled amidst the others for over an hour beforedeath came to take him. Here the reader can sense the collosal loss that Elie is overcome by,having spen t the majority of his childhood seeking salvation only to come to realize it was all awaste of time. During this time of losing faith in religion and overcoming the tasks put forth by theconcentration camps, Elie finds strength of survival through his relationship with his father andthrough hope. Although earlier in Elies childhood, prayer and religion had separated the two,the experience at the concentration camps was the ultimate connection between Elie and hisfather, for they believed that together they could overcome everything because they were family. A good example is when Elies father is beaten for not properly marching in rank. Elie takestime in the blocks to teach him to properly march in place. He could not leave his father to fendfor himself, although he was criticized by many of the other Jews who believed in ?every manfor themself.? Some kinships are not like Elies and his fathers. One son purposely loses his father sothat he does not burden him, and another son beats and kills his own father just for food. Fatherand son relationships can be seen in many parts in Night and takes a very large roll in the novel. An example is when Elie begins to grow weary of life in the concentration camp, because at thatpoint he had become the strength of two lives, his own and his fathers. He feels less and lessremorse for his father and begins to believe that the beatings his father receives for not beingable to peform the various tasks put forth by the S.S. Officers are a product of his own fault fornot being strong enough nor young enough. He begins to despise his father for weighing himdown and having to take care of him, and at one point when he is in search of his father thinks,?Dont let me find him! If only I could get rid of this dead weight, so that I could use all mystrength to struggle for my own survival, and only worry about myself.? (101) Elie had becomehardened by his new way of life, and realized that only the fittest would emerge from thisexperience still alive and well. It was truly a survival of the fittest. However, he is overcomewith guilt after a blow to the head by an officer finally ceases his fathers existence.

A Book Report on Veronika Decides to Die Essay Example

A Book Report on Veronika Decides to Die Paper There are many patients in Violate who are in the asylum not because they were offering from brain damage; but because society termed them crazy for being different, for thinking outside the box. One such patient is the schizophrenic named Eduardo. Eduardo was not truly insane; he had artistic taste, a fine personality, a potential career for an ambassador like his father and was able to speak and maybe even love Veronica. Even when experiencing a bike accident, the doctors who examined him stated that there was no damage In his brain. Yet he was portrayed as mad by his own parents when he altered his way of life, and began aspiring to paint is Violins of paradise Instead of pursuing a political career as an ambassador. There was not a wit of madness in his actions, It was Just different; yet because his visions of paradise were not considered normal, because no one thought it was right or acceptable, he ended up in Violate and was dubbed a schizophrenic. Mari, a woman who suffers from panic attacks, is also another patient in Violate, and is a member of the Fraternity, a group of cured patients who merely refused to leave Violate and face the challenges of the real world. After being released from Violate, he left a letter bidding farewell to her friends, and mentioning that life inside the asylum is no more deferent than life outside the gates of Violate. She yearned for an adventure, and for a sixty-five year old woman, that is very rare. We will write a custom essay sample on A Book Report on Veronika Decides to Die specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A Book Report on Veronika Decides to Die specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A Book Report on Veronika Decides to Die specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When she expressed her radical and unique view on the life ahead of her, her Inmates claimed that Marl had finally gone Insane. It Is because Vitiate and the outside world are two different worlds of sanity and normality, and calming they are very similar Is a statement that many people do not accept. But these so-called crazy people are wise in one way or the other. Like the examples Paulo Cello mentioned Einstein, Newton, prophets and saints saints, they are merely different. Different in the sense that they their claims and beliefs were not accepted during the period of their living. But these madmen and women have made various achievements that no one would have thought possible. An example is the argument between a flat and spherical earth; in our times you would be described as insane If you claim the world Is flat, but It was the opposite during very early times. So It doesnt matter If Its true or not, so long as its what the people electively states as acceptable, thats normal. In the book, there is a famous scientist and the head of Violate named DRP. Igor who was writing Nils tenses Dates on Insanity, madness Ana Its causes. He explain to Veronica of what being insane truly is, and he did it by using his tie as an example. He stated that a normal person would call it a tie, while an insane one would call it a useless piece of cloth around the neck. While an insane mans answer may seem more reasonable, as it really has no use, people still acknowledge wearing a tie as aroma because everyone thinks thats the way it should be. Normality is merely a matter of consensus; a lot of people think something is right, so that thing becomes right. Some things are governed by common sense; others are fixed because more and more people believe thats the way it should be. These are a few memorable lines from DRP. Igor when he spoke to Mari, once again explaining his views on insanity. Upon hearing this, Mari realized that she should not fear being what she wants to be, because even if people did call her insane, she knows inside that shes completely normal. We are all unique individuals and all have different ways of thinking and doing everything. Though we all stand out one by one, we also form the norms of our own society, and Judge what is normal and what is not. But because of our individuality, it is impossible for us to know who are truly insane. We should not worry about being addressed as crazy, and be what we want to me, whether envisioning our own paradise like Eduardo, enjoying life like Gazed or seeking adventure like Mari. We are all mad in our own way, yet in this mad world we live in, only the mad are sane. (Kara Sarasota)

Go back to ESL essays

Go back to ESL essays On September 22nd, 2004, all of the 3rd period Transition English students went to the ESL class on period 3. We went to ESL class because that we needed to teach them what a portfolio is and what they should do when they are doing a portfolio. At that time, I found out that my English is become better and better than the time when I arrived to the U.S. at March, 2004. I was really happy for it. And because of my English is better, so I could help and teach the new ESL students how, why, and what they should do their portfolio. At the begging of the period, I went into the Transition English classroom having roll. Then my Transition English teacher Mrs. Snyder took our Transition English students to go into ESL classroom. After we went in, ESL students introduced themselves. For sure, we introduced ourselves after them. Then, ESL teacher Miss Livingston got ESL students into groups with our Transition English students. After we got in groups, we began the conversation about portfolio. In my group, there are three ESL students and three Transition English students. However, I wanted to show those new students my portfolio but I could not. Because my portfolio was in Taiwan, so I borrowed anther person's portfolio to show the ESL students how and what they need to do for the portfolio. When I explained and talked with them, I found out that my English become better than the time I just arrived here. So it made me feel happy and proud of myself. So I told them that they might need to do their portfolio as hard as they can, because they will have a memory of the time they arrived here and how they did learn English and how much do they change. I hope they can accept those advices and do their best work. ...

Can those who commit violent crimes be considered otherwise ordinary Essay

Can those who commit violent crimes be considered otherwise ordinary young men Discuss - Essay Example Higher quality essays are different from lower quality example essays in the sense that higher quality essays are well-referenced with credible resources. These high quality essays hardly utilize personal opinions of the authors; instead, they utilize facts and other information supported by research and other scholarly studies. The references used in these high quality essays are also credible and reliable sources, with authors who are considered experts in the field they are writing on. These studies are also peer-reviewed and evaluated by other similar experts. They are also published in credible journals, publishing companies, news writing crews, and academic websites. The resources are also unbiased as they are not being financially supported by private firms or companies who can manipulate the information being used. There are no logical fallacies in the references used by the authors; the statements made by the authors are well-supported by facts, statistics, and empirical dat a. In effect, they flow from one logical truth to another, making the results valid and reliable for the study being carried out. The studies cited in the example essays used in this study also included detailed bibliographies at the end of their writing. The more detail contained in the referenced, the higher the quality of the essays. This helps ensure that the references can be evaluated by other authors and the process of research itself is repeatable and verifiable. I used the information gained from critiquing the essays in order to provide structure to the essays. I compared such information with each other and compared the results for these studies, noting differences and similarities in results based on such information. Studies which presented the most reliable information after each view were included in the study. The studies which provided reliable data were also compared with each other and later critiqued based on methodology and ethical validity. Studies which did no t pass muster under ethical validity were discarded in favour of other more reliable studies. I also used the information gained from the critique to gain credible information which I then compared with other credible studies. Inconsistencies in data or differing results merited a repeat evaluation and critique of the example essays in order to weed out possible causes of inconsistencies. A high quality essay is also one which is structurally sound, using any of the academically recommended styles like APA, MLA, and Harvard styles. The grammar is correct and consistent all throughout the essay. There are no spelling mistakes and the writing style is formal and academic. There are no abbreviations and contractions throughout the text and the proper headings and page numbers are included in the text. With these structural and functional elements, and with proper references, a paper can be deemed high

I have two Questions from past exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

I have two Questions from past exam - Essay Example The hierarchical order goes in the same sequence in which the needs have been mentioned above. Physiological needs include food, air and water etc which are the fundamental necessities of life and life is not possible without them. Then come the security needs. In order to feel secure, an individual should be financially stable. He/she should be employed, should preferably have a home, and should be provided with health and safety both in the home and at work. If the security needs are met, an individual would look for love. He/she would prefer to have home near the workplace and would build good rapport with his/her peers at the workplace. After this, the individual would need to raise his/her self esteem. Again, self esteem requires stability. Unemployment makes an individual unstable financially and this has an adverse impact on the individual’s psychology as well. Maslow was of the view that an individual can not feel a higher level need unless all lower level needs have b een adequately fulfilled. For example, unless an individual’s physiological needs have been completely met, he/she would not look for security because something more important than security has not been gained. In the case under consideration, unemployment causes lack of security. As the individual’s security needs are not fulfilled, he/she would have low self esteem and would experience psychological distress. On the contrary, an employed person can have all of his/her four basic needs fulfilled and will feel the need to improve his/her skills and competence in work through self actualization. The philosophy presented by Maslow makes sense. Money is undoubtedly the driving factor in all areas of life. In addition, there are several more reasons to keep an employed person psychologically healthy as compared to an unemployed person. For example, when a person is employed, he/she gets to spend a considerable portion of the day at work. This gives a considerable relief from

Chain reaction by tere Martinez Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chain reaction by tere Martinez - Essay Example The play itself focuses on Antionia Pantoja, a community leader from Puerto Rica and her life’s work. The relationship between Pantoja and her mentor Frank Horne is another key example of mentorship within the play. The two share the same passion and drive, wanting to fight for rights and freedoms. He encourages her plans and this gives her the strength to succeed. With his support, she builds the ASPIRA, a group and a community that supports one another. Through ASPIRA she taught students ways of solving problems, determining what the issues were in their life, the causes and how to go about solving them. In addition, it focused on the cultural background of Puerto Ricans, encouraging them to embrace rather than ignore their heritage. A second relationship of importance in the play is that of Yoiaira and Professor Ramos. Yojaira is a 19 year old student studying at Hostos Community College. She is sarcastic, feeling that she is unable to succeed. While she dreams of being a scientist, she rejects Ramos’ suggestions that this is possible, instead deciding to follow her mother’s desires to be a dentist. Yojaira talks to Ramos about her personal life, the problems that she is experiencing and her plans for the future. It is through this relationship of trust and friendship that Ramos is able to help Yojaria. Because of Ramos’ influence, Yojaira finds in herself the desire to be someone different and it is this desire that causes her to call Hector and agree to meet him. A final crucial relationship within the play is that between Hector and Pantoja. Hector was a member of the ASPIRA group that Pantoja had developed and encouraged. Because of Pantoja’s encouragement, Hector followed a career path that everyone else in his life told him was not possible. Through Pantoja’s work and encouragement he gained substantial strength in himself, and found that he did not have to be ashamed of his heritage, or become an

Emotional risks you face with cosmetic surgery

Emotional risks you face with cosmetic surgery {The popularity of cosmetic surgery is expanding more than ever before and as it booms consistently, a number of psychologists are anticipating the likelihood that they would be dealing with patients who are thinking of or have undergone a cosmetic procedure.|Cosmetic surgery is gaining steam and some psychologists are concerned with the psychological effect on patients who go through radical transformations; and also on those who dont, that may feel inadequate as a result.|Although drastic alterations are infrequent, some psychologists still plan to probe the upwelling in cosmetic enhancement procedures and whether these surgeries have any long-lasting psychological detriments.|With the increasing popularity of cosmetic surgery, there are more questions than answers regarding its psychological effects and theres a huge possibility that psychologists will be dealing with these issues on patients who have undergone the procedure or are thinking of undertaking it.} {Some of them have a ctually encountered quite a few cases. It is therefore becoming increasingly vital for psychologists to be able to discuss with patients about their concerns over their appearance and be able to identify the factors that may or may make an individual a suitable or unsuitable candidate for aesthetic surgery.|There are interesting issues for psychologists to delve into, from the vantage point of cultural and interpersonal phenomena to the issue of mental health and self-worth issues; and these aspects will cast them into new roles, including administration of pre- and post-surgical patient evaluations.| In addition to research, psychologists may perform roles in assisting patients too, such as helping surgeons administer psychological assessments. For instance, they can assist cosmetic surgeons to distinguish patients who may find it difficult to make the necessary psychological or psychosocial adjustments after cosmetic surgery.} {A lot of psychologists agree that there is an urgent necessity for research on this subject to shed light on cosmetic surgerys psychosocial effects.|Researchers and practitioners have made attempts through the years to analyze whether progress in psychosocial well-being after cosmetic surgery can be objectively verified, but too few methodological studies have been conducted to be able come to a conclusion.|Studies spanning four decades have shown that most people undergoing cosmetic enhancements are satisfied with the result. But what has been nearly neglected is the outcome in psychosocial terms.|Psychologists believe that cosmetic surgery related issues have to be examined because of the remarkable increase in its popularity and the possible connection between the patients perception of body image or appearance and some psychiatric disorders, like social phobia, sexual dysfunction and even eating disorders.} {Researchers feel that the answers to one burning question may help fill in the gaps.|Psychologists and researchers have to figure out the complexities of these effects to make sure that they dont have lasting harmful effects to the patients.|The answer to the crucial question of how the patients who have undergone the procedure actually feel may be the key to unlocking the mystery of the emotional and mental effects of cosmetic surgery.|Most of the researchers are of similar opinion as to the necessity of broader potential studies employing typical patient samples, with the use of well-established methods to come up with near-accurate results.} {Do patients who have undergone cosmetic surgery feel better after the procedure?|Many people do end up feeling good about themselves after seeing how much better they look after cosmetic surgery.|Does cosmetic surgery improve psychosocial well-being?|How do cosmetic surgery procedures affect patients psychologically?} {Studies have invariably shown that people generally feel an increased level of contentment with the body part they had surgery performed on; however, there are ambiguities on whether cosmetic surgery actually gives their self-confidence, self-worth, quality of life and interpersonal relationships a boost over the long haul.|Overall, the studies indicate that there was a general perception of being pleased with the results among most patients and there was a marked improvement in how they felt about themselves. This was particularly true in the case of women that underwent breast reduction or mammoplasty. Functioning domains showing improvement included self worth, sel f esteem, distress and shyness and quality of life. However, many of these studies have limitations on methodology, including small sample sizes and potentially biased determinants.|Several studies showed that there was a marked improvement in body image evaluation after plastic surgery, and scores in self-esteem also increased even if the mark up was quite small. It was noted that the effect that the surgery had on body image perception and self-esteem was not in any way prejudiced by the age patients or the intervening time after surgery.|A recent analysis of studies on patients psychological profile and psychosocial performance prior to and after cosmetic surgery, suggests constructive results in patients that include body image improvements and a possible a boost in their quality of life. But the same research also found several predictors of flawed outcomes, more noticeably in patients with depression or anxiety history, as well as those who have unreasonable expectations.} {{In one of the studies conducted by the Center for Human Appearance at the University Of Pennsylvania School Of Medicine, it was recorded that 87% of patients {reported|conveyed|expressed|stated} the same sense of satisfaction a year after getting the cosmetic surgery including the feeling of upliftment of their body image perception in general and the modified body feature.|The Center for Human Appearance at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine conducted a study which {recorded|documented|noted} that a year after having cosmetic surgery, 87% of the patients reported general {satisfaction|contentment|contentedness|self-fulfillment|pleasure} after the surgery; improvements in their overall body image; and improvements in the body feature altered.} {The negative body image emotions and the feeling of {inadequacy|being inept|deficiency|being inadequate} in social situations are considerably {lessened|decreased|reduced}|There was also less experiences of negative body image emotions in social situations among these patients|The patients also reported more experiences of positive body image emotions in social situations}.|{A study administered by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons indicated that 75% of the respondents chose cosmetic surgery to {gain|attain|achieve|obtain|get} improved looks and a more vibrant lifestyle.|In a study performed by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, it was discovered that 75% of the respondents expressed that they opted for cosmetic surgery to achieve enhanced looks and a more active social life.} {Likewise|Similarly|Also|In the same manner}, 70% alluded to psychological merits and emotional rewards after surgery, with {notable|remarkable|significant} contentment and rehabilitated self-confidence and self-esteem. Also quite impressive, is the 45% who said they enjoy the daily advantage of being more {appealing|attractive|desirable}.} {It was discovered in their literature review, however, that there is a link between plastic surgery and weak post-surgical outcomes for some patients, specifically those with existent personality disorder prior to surgery; those who had the misconception that it would save a relationship and those who had impractical expectations that didnt materialize.|The review of the existing studies also observed that patients who are discontented with surgery results may demand a repetition of the procedures or may encounter depression and problems in adjustment, social apathy, family issues, self-destructive demeanors and antagonism against the surgeon and their staff.|Outcomes of some studies showed that psychological status forecast changes in both body image and self-esteem evaluation. Patients that did not register any problems on the scales displayed greater progress in body image and self-esteem evaluation than those with psychological issues. There was a stark negative link between pre -operative emotional problems and contentment with surgical outcomes.|A specific subgroup that seem to have poor response to cosmetic procedures are people with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), which is discernible by a fixation with an imagined or negligible deformity that usually causes unwarranted clinical distress or imbalance in social and occupational areas of performance. These patients constitute 6%-15% of patients involved in aesthetic plastic surgery surroundings and around 12% of patients in dermatology situations.} {In one significant study, it showed that there were four times more likelihood for women with breast implants to carry out suicide than any other cosmetic surgery patients of the same age bracket.|There were firmer and far more unsettling results from epidemiological research of a connection between suicide and cosmetic surgery.| According to a Finnish study, theres more likelihood of women with breast implants committing suicide than women who are non-augmented. These results were echoed in findings from similar studies in Sweden and in the United States.|Findings of a study at the International Epidemiology Institute in Rockville, Md. show that theres a larger tendency for women with breast implants to take their own lives. Its one of several studies that have recurrently revealed an escalation of suicide risk among women with surgical breast implants.} {Similar other studies revealed a greater suicide rate by as much as two to three times higher.|These studies made the same repor t that women who experience surgical breast augmentation are thrice more likely to carry out suicide than those who have not undergone breast enhancement surgeries.|Findings show that women who have had surgically augmented breasts are three times more likely to commit suicide.|Another striking link that emerge from these studies is that women who are recipients of breast implants are two to three times more likely to kill themselves than those who are not.} {None of the studies could identify an underlying link between breast implants and suicide, though.|Although there seems to be an association between cosmetic breast enhancement and suicide, the precise nature of this connection remains unknown. |Although they have been largely unsuccessful in substantiating such connection, thus far, the study is also resolute in investigating the suspected connection between cosmetic breast implants and suicidal tendencies.|Researchers fail to clarify the suicides and the big question remains a mystery: Are women who have suicidal tendencies more liable to decide on having breast implants; or is the cosmetic surgery itself the leading cause of the suicide?} {Some researchers made speculations that a few of the surgery recipients may have held unattainable expectations or have certain personality traits that made them predisposed to suicide.|The suicide prevention team at the University of Illinois, speculates that breast augmentation may have a certain attraction on some women with suicidal tendencies, the appeal being that of a means to win control over their own fates; noting that people might be tempted to commit suicide are often obsessed with being in command of their bodies.|A number of researchers theorizes that its highly probable for some women who had prior psychological problems before the breast augmentation or implant to experience a period of recuperation in psychological behavior subsequent to cosmetic implant, but not retained for the long term. Thus, after several years, theres a re-emergence or aggravation of psychiatric troubles.|Some researchers allege that recipients of surgical implants display a host of psychosoma tic problems that put them in grave danger of imminent suicide. Whether this is the only rationalization or whether post-surgery discontentment is also involved, has not yet been clarified.}

Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust Essay -- Essays Papers

Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust Synopsis – Hitler’s Willing Executioners is a work that may change our understanding of the Holocaust and of Germany during the Nazi period. Daniel Goldhagen has revisited a question that history has come to treat as settled, and his researches have led him to the inescapable conclusion that none of the established answers holds true. Drawing on materials either unexplored or neglected by previous scholars, Goldhagen presents new evidence to show that many beliefs about the killers are fallacies. They were not primarily SS men or Nazi Party members, but perfectly ordinary Germans from all walks of life, men who brutalized and murdered Jews both willingly and zealously. â€Å"They acted as they did because of a widespread, profound, unquestioned, and virulent anti-Semitism that led them to regard the Jews as a demonic enemy whose extermination was not only necessary but also just.†1 The author proposes to show that the phenomenon of German anti-Semitism was alread y deep-rooted and pervasive in German society before Hitler came to power, and that there was a widely shared view that the Jews ought to be eliminated in some way from German society. When Hitler chose mass extermination as the only final solution, he was easily able to enlist vast numbers of Germans to carry it out. About the Author - Daniel Jonah Goldhagen is Assistant Professor of Government and Social Studies at Harvard University and an Associate of Harvard's Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies. His doctoral dissertation, which is the basis for his book "Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust," was awarded the American Political Science Association's 1994 Gabriel A. Almond Award for the best dissertation in the field of comparative politics.2 Summary - For the extermination of the Jews to occur, four principal things were necessary: 1. The Nazis - that is, the leadership, specifically Hitler - had to decide to undertake the extermination. 2. They had to gain control over the Jews, namely over the territory in which they resided. 3. They had to organize the extermination and devote to it sufficient resources. 4. They had to induce a large number of people to carry out the killings. The vast literature on Nazism and the Holocaust treats in great depth the first three elements, the focus of this book, is t... ...lity and having judged the mass annihilation of Jews to be right, did not want to say "no." It is my belief that the author presents a very controversial view of the causes and implementation of the Holocaust. The root of the controversy is his contention that the German people, as a society, are responsible for the attempted extermination of the Jews. According to Mr. Goldhagen, in the eyes of the Germans, the Jews as nothing more than a cancer that must be removed in order to cure the ills of their nation. In the book Mr. Goldhagen has gone to great extents to prove his views. However, â€Å"†¦his theories will probably remain a point of contention with historians for years to come.†4 The brutality and horror that is described throughout the book is, at times, overwhelming. To realize that one group of people can treat their fellow man with such heartlessness and savagery in what we call a civilized world is almost beyond comprehension. Notes 1. Hitler’s Willing Executioners, Book Jacket, 1996 2. Patterns of Prejudice, Erich Goldhagen, 1978, 12, No.1, 1-16 3. First Things, Richard John Neuhaus, August/September 1996, 36-41 4. U.S. News & World Report, David Gergen, May 24, 1996

Analyze “I Have a Dream” by Martin Luther King Essay

On August 23, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr., who had always been struggled for the freedom and resistance of racial discrimination, stood in front of Lincoln Memorial and gave a famous speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† to 25 million people to fight for their human rights. In Dr. Martin Luther King’s speech, he played multiple Talk Cards such as a compatriot of Negro, a father of four children, a believer, and a normal citizen that wish for the right to vote. Using different cards can raise more resonance from the audience and make people feel more involve in a speech. I think Dr. King could have also played a card as a leader that can help Negros to overcome the difficulties and lead them to a brighter future where the United State is a place full of freedom and justice. I think this was a smart move because the speech could comfort the citizens and make them realize that they should stand up and fight for themselves. Changing the Talk Card could change the overall message because different characters can make people easily experience the same feeling that Dr. King was experiencing and cheer the citizens up. I think the style of Dr. King’s speech is power because the whole speech was very inspiring and it represented a great power of his desperation towards freedom and justice. The main goal of Dr. Martin Luther King is to express how much the Negros want to have the same rights as white man. They could not stand for the discrimination and they were going fight for justice. The audience that came to hear the speech had the same goal as Dr. King. They want to fight for the Negros. Dr. King’s Talk Card effectively reach the goal he wanted to express. At the very beginning of the speech Dr. King said â€Å"I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† His goal is to fight freedom for the Negro and he directly claim that out in the very first sentence of the speech. He used a compatriot card, which all the citizens from the United States were playing the same card, to demonstrate his pursuit of freedom. That Card Play was very effective to his goal because it could bring all the citizens together and against discrimination, which was exactly what Dr. King tried to accomplish. Confidence, ambition, and motivation were the feelings he invoke in his audience, which were well-express by his tone and his inspiring sentences. This is such a great speech. Dr. King used his talented speech endowment to perform this breathtaking presentation and successfully motivated his audience to stand up and fight for the equal rights and freedom. References: â€Å"I Have a Dream† Speech, by Martin Luther King, 1963 http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1UV1fs8lAbg

Comparing Two War Poems By Wilfred Owen and Maurice Hewlett Essay Example

Comparing Two War Poems By Wilfred Owen and Maurice Hewlett Essay Example Comparing Two War Poems By Wilfred Owen and Maurice Hewlett Paper Comparing Two War Poems By Wilfred Owen and Maurice Hewlett Paper Essay Topic: Poetry During the first and second world war many young men were forced into the army and the services many leaving their young families or mothers and sisters. This was a very difficult time for both the men who were leaving to fight and risk their lives and for the women and children they left behind. One of the poems I have picked is in the eyes of a mother and child it is called For Two Voices and is written by Hewlett. The mother speaks the true brutality of war and the child sees the glorious and heroic side of war. My second choice was Dulce Et Decorum Est by Owen. This is a evastating poem written by a man who first wet to war with a heroic vision in his head, just like the one of the child in the other poem by Hewlett, and then after spending a few weeks at war started to write poems of disaster and destruction. For Two voices uses much simpler language than Dulce Et Decorum Est. It is told by a child and a mother. It is like they are looking out of a window at the young soldiers marching off to war. It is a very clever structure for the poem. It is set out in speech marks first the child stating a glorious army marching by from an innocent ind and then the mother answering with a much duller, realistic point. This is very true to real life as most young children see what they want to see and can not understand the real truth. The mother however sounds like she is speaking from experience perhaps she has lost one of her loved ones in a previous war or someone close to her has already experience a death in their family. The poem works very well and although it uses simple language and only has one simile it has a very clever. The layout incorporates both opinions without actually sating who is saying what. The child looks at all the bright xciting things like he sees the general riding on his horse and views him as a brave man who he looks up to and the mother answers by saying I hear the sound of a child crying. Here the writer could of replaced child with Wife or Mother but he use child because it wins peoples sympathy because people view children as vulnerable and innocent, making it sound more devastating. Children are often attracted to bright shiny things especially young infants and the boy in the poem when he says look at the bright spears he does not see them as a weapon for killing innocent people but as a symbol of the oldiers pride and courage. The mother even thinks it as disrespectful that they are seeing the soldiers off and not in church praying for their loved ones lives, she seems to know the true consequences of war. The mother uses the only simile used in the whole poem: The leaves are falling like womens tears Because this is the only simile it makes more of an impact on the reader. Similes are good because they help the reader to understand the true feelings and emotions that the author is trying to put across. The views are so different that the mother even says to the child You are not looking at what I see Emphasising the whole point in the poem. The childs opinion shows the result of propaganda and artificial views on war. The last lines of the poem sums up the mothers realistic view on war. The phrase Sin and shame is repeated three times bringing the poem to an end making the point stick in the readers head. At the beginning of the poem it is not clear what the author wants the reader to think but by the end you know that the author has a cruel view of war and definitely shares the opinion of the mother. Dulce Et Decorum Est is written by Wilfred Owen and is a great contrast to For Two Voices. Owen fort in the First World War and his poems are all from his own experience. This makes them all the more realistic and devastating. Owen writes in more detail than Hewlett, using very vivid descriptions. Owens poems tell the truth about war some of them were letters home to his mother and loved ones. Dulce Et Decorum Est means, It is Sweet and Right to Die For Your Country. This being the title of the poem before reading the actual poem the may think it was a tale of patriotism and a very heroic tale the true poem is quite different. It is in fact the complete opposite. Before going to war Owen was lead to believe that war was glamorous and right, after experiencing it he wrote this poem showing people what life was really like in the trenches. In the lat verse Owen addresses the reader directly using You and in the lat few lines my friend this is very effective and makes the reader feel almost guilty. He then address the title of the poem as An old lie. By doing this he finishes and starts the poem almost sarcastically and then very cleverly puts his strong views of war across. The language in the poem is much more complex than that in For Two Voices and use many similes especially in the first verse. This is a good way to start a poem as it brings the reader to the right level of mind and helps them to realty to the meaning of the poem. The first one Owen uses is: Bent double, like old beggars under sacks. Beggars are the opposite to the title of the poem describing heroic soldiers therefore this changes the whole view of the poem just in the first line. Beggars are very frowned upon and are nearly always stereotyped as old men, so the phrase bent double is very fitting. He then goes on to describe the people around him. Men marched asleep During the war men were expected for miles and the fact that the asleep but still moving says its almost like there bodies were not functioning and they were so used to it that they could march and almost be asleep without falling over. The poor conditions described are all very harrowing. Many had lost their boots but limped on blood shod. Owen then goes on to use the phrase Drunk with fatigue. This is an excellent choice of words. He could have just said they were tired but instead he describes them as drunk. When someone is drunk they become elirious and not really conscious of the things their body is doing and therefore unaware of their surroundings. This brings the verse to a gradual natural ending. The next paragraph starts very abruptly with the phrase Gas, GAS! Quick, boys! This is a climax to the whole poem, showing the terrible result of war. The word gas in capitals and is on the first line to a verse, making it stand out from the rest of the poem letting the reader know how important it is and possibly showing that it has terrible consequences. He says that they fit the helmets just in time and then starting a new line say except at this pin the readers heart almost sinks knowing that this is fatal. It vividly describes the person drowning in the poisonous gas. This is a horrible thing to happen to anyone and it makes the reader consider war in a different light and also pity the poor man who was killed and many other who died for the country in war and also those who watched their fellow soldiers die. Hence bringing out the title because the man who was killed by the gas died fighting for his country. The last verse is designed to put across the strong meaning of the poem showing what war was really like. It addresses the reader aking them feel guilty and sympathetic for all the victims f war. It describes Owens feelings watching the soldier be taken away in a wagon that they flung him in. Using flung in this sentence makes it sound like Owen was disgusted at what happened to the men after they had died and had been finished with they were not even properly buried. It describes in gruesome detail the body in the back of the cart making Owens views on war obvious and showing the devastating results. He then concludes the poem by warning the reader that war is not a glorious heroic game but one of pain and suffering and then says the itle to be a lie and finishes with the same words as he started with. Looking at the two poems I can see two very different views on war. Although there are three peoples point to be taken in. The child has been sucked into the world of propaganda. The mother has not experienced war her self but knows the true brutality and her opinion is backed up by Owens real life account of life in the trenches. I can understand why the child was attracted to propaganda and patriotic side of war this is understanding as most children see and believe what they want to be true often over looking the truth.

Time as a Determinate of Final Product in a Dehydration Reaction essays

Time as a Determinate of Final Product in a Dehydration Reaction essays Time as a Determinate of Final Product in a Dehydration Reaction Robert Simack, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska. Abstract: This study involved acid dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol. The results varied depending on the time elapsed after initial reaction. I attempted to prove the Evelyn Effect, which stated that over a period of time the products of the aforementioned reaction will beobserved to change volume so that those products formed by a cis isomer of 2-methylcyclohexanol will form first. However, once all molecules in the cis isomer undergo reaction the remaining trans configured 2-methylcyclohexanols will proliferate during the latter period of the reaction. I also postulated as to the possible formulation of 1-ethylcyclopentene, and to the cause of such an event. Introduction: After researching acid-catalyzed dehydration reactions (McMurray) and background on the Evelyn Effect (Clausen) I hypothesize that the cis isomer of 2-methylcyclohexanol will react via an E1 type process forming 1-methylcyclohexene according to predictions from Zaitzevs rule (Lehman). This should be due to the fact that the cis isomer has 2 anti-coplanar hydrogens. These two hydrogens should make the molecule more reactive. The trans isomer, with only one anti-coplanar hydrogen, should be slower to react and will form a 3-methylcyclohexene. In addition the 1-ethylcyclopentene will be formed from both the cis and trans isomers but only if the hydroxyl group is in an equatorial position. In that position electrons from the ring may attack the alcohol directly from behind pushing it off the ring and forming a five-membered ring instead. Results ...

International Business Promotion Research Paper

International Business Promotion - Research Paper Example Reliance on websites for health information has grown steadily given the increase in international trade. Different hospitals have employed different strategies when developing their websites to meet the needs of their clients. Texas hospital website has two distinct sections, patients and families section and a section for the health professional (Texas Children’s Hospital, 2012). The website carries popup messages where the purpose of the hospital is described as ‘to heal the child’. Moreover, the pop up messages advertise the services offered by the hospital and describe its commitment to superior services ‘now delivering miracles’. The websites give a guarantee to the clients that its specialists are always advancing their pediatric care daily to ensure their services are up-to-date to emerging medical concerns. On Texas Children Hospital website, patients can find a specific doctor, view their professional qualifications and book an appointment ( Texas Children’s Hospital, 2012). Moreover, customers can view all the departments or services offered and the time one can assess such services. Additionally, the specific location of such services well described and the professionals working in that department. This gives assurance to the customers that they receive quality services from accredited care givers. Given that previous health record is important for future visits to Texas Children Hospital or another hospital. Texas Children’s Hospital has an account for parents to access the health record of the children. Stanford Hospitals and Clinics have developed a website to serve its international customers. Under the international medical services section, Stanford Hospital describes that it offers superior services to its customers pointing out that patients from different parts of the world travel to the hospital annually (Stanford Hospitals and Clinics, 2012). This is a strategy to give confidence to a patient in a dilemma either to go treatment at Stanford or seek treatment in their local country where the hospital assures them that it is worthwhile to make a trip to Stanford Hospital. The hospital promises its international visitors individualized care that is able to meet the needs of the patients and their families before and after treatment. The hospital has a personal patient coordinator who in addition to arranging for a patient’s visit to the hospital organizes for their stay at in San Francisco Bay Area (Stanford Hospitals and Clinics, 2012). This demonstrates a commitment to customer service. The hospital website outlines the services offered by hospital including identifying a specific doctor to meet the medical needs of the patients and interpretation of languages which is a strategy to ensure that some patients do not feel left out. To ensure that patients prepare themselves for the visit, they are given an estimate of their medical bills. Patients can book for appoint ments online thereby reducing time wastage when travelling for treatment. At Phuket International Hospital, offering services to patients from diverse backgrounds has led the hospital employ international staff. At this hospital, the management recognized importance of effective diagnosis and, therefore, language barrier is dealt with by ensuring that the employees speaking a variety of languages. The hospital helps its patients make insurance claims and liaises with the embassy,

Sixth Annual Message of George Washington Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sixth Annual Message of George Washington - Essay Example The laws of the US were opposed and were too powerful to be suppressed by general judicial proceedings or by the powers vested on the marshal of the district (Podell and Anzovin). Therefore, he sought to subdue and weigh the best option for the crisis. Washington urged the Congress to support his taxation laws so that the public debt would be reduced. Further, he urged the Congress not to procrastinate the issue since the fiscal measures had commenced (Podell and Anzovin). Washington was geared to foreseeing favorable international relations and therefore urged the Congress that the intercourse with foreign nations would be mandated to the Congress. Washington described the people who participated in the rebellion as enemies of order who were bound to start an insurrection. He also described them as an embittered and prejudice artifice of men whose passions promoted riots and violence (Burns and Dunn). In my opinion, it was not a fair assessment because democracy entails the will of the people. Therefore, he would have engaged the citizens in dialogue and explain to them reasons behind the new taxation measures to curb public

Management Information Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management Information Systems - Research Paper Example In this project, the basic idea is to automate the traditional business practices and improve the overall capability and performance of corporation. Business Overview The scenario of the business is that my best friend has bought a small retail business in Central Florida and its name is Bright Moon Store. The business has been doing fairly well but my friend has just found out that the accounting system consists of cash and receipts in a shoe box and there are no reports of anything since everything was kept in the prior owner's head. So in this project, my friend has hired me as a consultant to help him get things organized. Markets The Bright Moon Store deals in general household products that are used in our daily lives. The basic intention of this store is to provide customers with more convenient and easy access to daily used products. Bright Moon Store has a long business history in the market and with the passage of time its overall reorganization has improved. As a result, B right Moon Store wants to improve its overall market reorganization and performance. With the passage of time the business customers are increasing so the business needs to adopt some effective tools and techniques to deal with these growing requirements. Mission/Business Need In order to run its business effectively Bright Moon Store has to fulfill its basic business needs. The effective fulfillment of these needs will effectively support all business areas. In this scenario Bright Moon Store’s basic business needs are outlined below: (Laudon & Laudon, 1999; Turban, Leidner, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2005) Automated product management Rapid management and processing of business resources Staff management Effective supply chain management and automation Efficient and effective customer record management Back-office information management Purchasing management Data security Finance management Data sharing among all store areas like store, purchase counter, etc. Improved inventory ma nagement Timely and accurate business reporting Effective decision support HR management Problems with Current Information Processing Bright Moon Store is currently completing its business tasks using manual ways. In such scenario the overall workload and working style are more rigid, which ultimately causes less effective business performance. The present business data is paper based or semi automated. In this scenario problem is that the amount of data is huge and it cannot be handled without using an appropriate information system. According to (Hoffer, Prescott, & McFadden, 2007; Laudon & Laudon, 1999), â€Å"an information system is a collection of organized components that work collectively, process, store, and distribute information to a variety of departments with the purpose of supporting decision making and control in an organization†. Thus, in the absence of an information system we connect retrieve some valuable information from this data. This data is presently w orthless because the extraction of the valuable facts and figures is much harder. In addition, business of Bright

Colton Jones Inc. Essay Example for Free

Colton Jones Inc. Essay Marion Jones was once the sole shareholder and president of Chempla, Inc.; in 20X1 she sold her stock to Westcoat Industries. She signed an agreement to be a consultant for five years. After being unable to make a profit Westcoat decided to sell their interest in Chempla, but were unable to find a buyer. Westcoat offered Chempla back to Marion Jones and an agreement was reached on September 1, 20X4. Included in the agreement Marion would be majority shareholder of the newly formed corporation. A purchase price was set for the net assets and market values of accounts receivable, inventories, property, plant, and equipment, and accounts payable were obtained. Marion Jones with other investors was able to finance the acquisition of Chemplas net assets. Colton Jones, Inca doped LIFO basis of accounting. Under the U.S. GAAP Codification of Accounting Standards, Codification Topic 805: Business Combinations; Colton Jones accounted for the acquisition of Chempla as they should have. The acquisition method was used as it should have been, one entity was identified as the acquirer, an acquisition date was stated, and the recognition and measurement principals are present. All parts of the acquisition that needed to take place were present in the case.1 1 GAAP Codification of Accounting Standards, Codification Topic 805: Business Combinations Prestone, Riles, Nye Associates Prestone, Riles, Nye (PRN) is a marketing communications company with offices throughout the US and a subsidiary in the United Kingdom and they want to expand into Eastern Europe. In their efforts to do so PRN entered an agreement to acquire outstanding stock of Broadwick Communications, Inc., a firm with contacts in Europe. Brodwick has three shareholders owning 25% each and eight owning the remaining 25%. PRN is responsible to pay $14 million to Broadwick shareholders and form a new entity, BPRN International, Inc. BPRN will conduct the activities of Broadwick and will have two classes of stock, Common A, voting and Common B, nonvoting stock. Income distributions or losses will be shared with the ownership of Common B shares. BPRN will issue 48 percent of its voting stock to PRN and 52  percent to the former Broadwick shareholders. PRN plans to use the equity method to account for and report its investment BPRN. PRN’s decision to use the equity method is supported by APB 18: The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock, which states, â€Å"that the equity method of accounting for an investment in common stock should also be followed by an investor whose investment in voting stock gives it the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of an investee even though the investor holds 50 percent or less of the voting stock†¦ an investment (direct or indirect) of 20 percent or more of the voting stock of an investee should lead to a presumption that in the absence of evidence to the contrary an investor has the ability to exercise significant influence over an investee.†1 PRN’s investment in BPRN meets these criteria. The reason for using the equity method is to accurately report PRN’s share of net income from BPRN and for PRN’s investment account to reflect its share of BPRN’s net assets. We agree with PRN’s decision to account for and report its investment in BPRN using the equity method since it meets the requirements of GAAP as stated above. PRN also plans to acquire a majority of the voting stock in BPRN, at which time it will become a subsidiary of PRN. Since the basic accounting procedures for applying the equity method are the same in each case PRN will be able to continue using the equity method if and when it acquires a majority of the voting stock and is required to prepare consolidated financial statements 1 APB Opinion No. 18, paragraph 17. Stanomat, Inc. Stanomat, Inc. plans to acquire the outstanding common stock of Kesser Instruments and make it a subsidiary. An agreement is made that allows Stanomat to acquire 55 percent in two months and will purchase additional shares and outstanding shares will be purchased over a four year period. Stanomat will issue a note to Kesser payable over four years for $20 million with interest 1.5 percent above prime. During the period of the note Stanomat will acquire unissued shares of Kesser and upon complete payment of the note Stanomat will own 100 percent of the subsidiary. At 55 percent of ownership, Stanomat will record its investment at 100 percent ownership. We do not believe it is appropriate for Stanomat to record its investment in Kesser based on the 100 percent ownership that it has committed to purchase. Stanomat will use the equity method to account for its investment in Kesser and prepare consolidated financial statements since it owns more than 50 percent of the company. However, in order to accurately reflect its share of Kesser’s assets and income, it should only record and report the portion that it is entitled to. FASB Statement 141R â€Å"requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date.†1 Therefore Stanomat must recognize the noncontrolling interest held by Kesser until such time as it has acquired 100 percent ownership. In business combinations contingent shares are shares that will only be issued under certain circumstances or when certain conditions are met. A predetermined set of events must occur before the shares would be issued to investors. In this case, shares of Kesser stock will only be issued to Stanomat when a payment has been made. Deferred payment shares are issued to the investors in advance of payment. If the Kesser had issued its shares to Stanomat in advance of payment, Stanomat would be able to report and record the investment based on the 100 percent of shares it had received. If Stanomat records the investment in Kesser at the 55 percent level it would not be appropriate or practical to treat the purchase as a step acquisition. Step acquisition is only necessary when the investor owns a noncontrolling interest in the investee and then acquires additional interest giving it significant influence. â€Å"In a business combination achieved in stages, the acquirer shall remeasure its previously held equity interest in the acquiree at its acquisition-date fair value and recognize the resulting gain or loss, if any, in earnings.†2 Stanomat will acquire a controlling interest in Kesser in the first transfer of stock. Therefore it will be using the equity method to record the investment. Upon acquiring additional shares there will be no need to adjust its investment accounts. 1 FASB Statement 141R summary 2 FASB Statement 141R paragraph 48 Falco Industries, Inc. Falco, a supplier of automotive parts, sells its parts to aftermarket segments of the auto industry, including the manufacturer, rebuilder, warehouse distributor, mass merchandiser, and specialist. Falco acquired 10 percent voting common stock in an automotive store, Tidy Automotive, and in the same year acquired an additional 12 percent. Falco has a June 30 fiscal year and Tidy has a year end of October 31st. At year-end Falco Industries wanted to use the equity method to account for the investment in Tidy Automotive Stores. The market value of the investment in common stock on June 30th was 6 percent less that its acquisition cost. During the year Falco acquired a total of 22 percent of outstanding common stock in Tidy, which gives Falco between 20 and 50 percent of outstanding common stock, and therefore Falco’s interest in Tidy is significant. To account for this type of investment, Falco would need to use the equity method. The interest in Tidy would not be significant if Falco had acquired less that 20 percent, in this case Falco would need to use the cost method to account for the investment. If Falco had acquired more than 50 percent they would have to issue consolidated financial statements.

Instructional Leadership Supervision Education Essay

Instructional Leadership Supervision Education Essay Abstract: Leadership is a discussion in every issue and everybody recognize how essential and valuable leadership is. Why some companies, teams, and schools do well as other fails? The credit or fault generally goes to the manager, coach, or principal. In school scenario the principal has to accept these consequences, as he occupies a distinct and key responsibility that has an effect on the quality of schooling. The questions about school scenario are (i) what is the main purpose of school (ii) How their students learn in the school (iii) How he coordinates all the activities i.e. students, teachers and curriculum. The focus of this article was on the theoretical basis of the instructional leadership and to review the model to build up the understanding of instructional leadership. Objectives: Following were the major objectives of the study To explain the concept of instructional leadership To review the James Weber Instructional leadership model What is leadership? Leadership is defined differently by different authors (Terry, 1960) called it the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group goals. In the context of this definition the knowledge, values, structure, and skills are necessary for a principal as a leader to inspire all members of the school community to work together toward the goal of an excellent education for all students. According to (Thomson, 1980) Leadership is best defined as getting the job done through people. This definition means that two things are necessary for effective leadership: accomplishment (getting the job done) and influencing the others (through people). According to (Weber, 1987) leadership is described as power granted with the will of the followers. It is authority readily invested in a trusted person and thus qualifies as a kind of moral and transformational power over the organization. In most definitions of leadership the two functions are generally considered indispensable to its meaning: setting directions and exercising influence. Each of these functions can be carried out in different ways, with such differences distinguishing the many models of leadership from one another.(Yukl, 1994) comments, leadership influences the interpretation of events for followers, the choice of objectives for the group or organization, the organization of work activities accomplish objectives, the motivation of followers to achieve the objectives, the maintenance of cooperative relationships and teamwork, and the enlistment support and cooperation from people outside the group or organization. He further explained the popular distinction between doing things right (management) and doing right things (leadership) as largely meaningless: accomplishing success as a leader, requires doing right things right. What is Instructional Leadership? (Debevoise, 1984) encompasses Instructional leadership as those measures that a principal takes, or assigns to others, to raise growth in student learning and consists of following tasks: describing the purpose of schooling; setting school-wide goals; providing the resources needed for learning to occur; supervising and evaluating teachers; coordinating staff development programs; and creating collegial relationships with and among teachers. Student Learning Instructional Leadership Supervision Teacher Development Teacher Performance Figure -A The above figure depicts that Instructional leadership consists of principal behaviors that set high expectations and clear goals for student and teacher performance, monitor and provide feedback regarding the technical core (teaching and learning) of schools, provide and promote professional growth for all staff members, and help create and maintain a school climate of high academic press. (Hoy Hoy, 2003) explained that the principal must communicate a clear vision on instructional excellence and continuous professional development consistent with the goal of the improvement of teaching and learning. The instructional leaders are listeners as well as talkers; they are collaborators with teachers and students, whose needs present the most important demands in an instructional role. The leadership process is interpersonal as well as dynamics. Particularly it becomes dynamics when the principals are accountable for whole instructional program. As instructional leader the principal is the pivotal within the school who affects the quality of individual teacher instruction, the height of student achievement, and the degree of efficiency in school functioning. According to (Mendez, 1989) there are three major forces that serve to shape and describe a school the public, the staff and the students and that these forces interact through curriculum. The role of the principal is to manipulate these forces in order to maximize the quality of instruction. The three key elements of learning: Teacher, students and curriculum Teacher Curriculum Student Instructional leadership is a complex task, it means that becoming a leader of leaders- learning and working with others i.e. teachers, students and parents to improve the instructional quality and curriculum. A Model of Instructional Leadership This is a model presented by James Weber (1987) which is based on two assumptions. The principal is the main instructional leader. The principal works with the leadership functions that are sometime shared and sometime not sheared. The functions of the Webers model are as under 1. Setting Academic Objectives A principal who is an instructional leader provides guidance for the school program, and describe the objectives to the general understanding. Vision for success (Leithwood, Doris, Alicia, 1993) and his colleagues found in a study that teachers commitment to change in instructional programs was affected the most by leadership that gave direction, purpose, and meaning to their work, e.g. the purpose of the school is to educate all students to high levels of academic performance. The principals responsibility is to ensure that the school has a clear academic mission and communicate it to the staff, which is focused on the academic progress of the students. 2. Organizing the Instructional Program After setting the goals for the school, the next step by instructional leader is to develop the strategies for bringing that goals into reality by allocating the staff, student grouping, and organizing the curriculum. These also involve the collaborative planning between instructional leader, students and parents. e.g. decision to place a student in one class or another. Certainly, the decision to place a student in one or another classroom, study group, or program is a decision that involves teachers, principals and the parents. The following are the some principals behavior that proved generally effective. Listen actively to staff and faculty ideas and produces opportunities for staff to implement innovative coaching arrangements. Make available resources and a encouraging environment for collaborative planning. Organize planning sessions to discuss grouping and scheduling arrangements with staff. Utilize staff recommendations. Keeps staff informed of policy changes. Expands options by varying periods in school day and days in cycle. 3. Supervision and Evaluation The most important task of principals instructional leadership is teachers supervision and evaluation. Instructional leadership means very little unless leaders are willing and able to observe teachers, offer advice about problems, and make formative evaluations that support and pinpoint areas to improve. Supervisors must have the knowledge of curriculum and instruction to know what to look for. According to (Gardner, 1988) To help others believe in themselves is one of a leaders highest duties. Following are the some tips that are effective for supervision. Classroom observations will be used to observe what is actually going on in the class rooms. What is the teacher and what are students are actually performing. Meets with teachers after each visit to discuss what was observed. Encourages teacher to express feelings and opinions about observational data and class activities. Offers teacher alternatives teaching techniques and explanations of class room events. Give praise for specific development of teachers skill if observed. Recommends resources and training programs in areas in which teacher need to improve. 4. Protecting Instructional Time and Program A study by (Cusick, 1973) found that 200 minutes of a students normal school day were spending on routine or maintenance tasks. He noted that the time spent actively engaged with some teacher over a matter of cognitive importance may not exceed twenty minutes a period for five periods a day. This is a high estimate. I would say that if an average student spent an hour to one and half hours involved on subject matter that was a good day. Teachers use instructional time for taking attendance, distributing materials entering and leaving the classroom, late start or early ending or such non classroom activities as field trips etc. grouping practices, instructional strategies, and the size of the class can all determine how time is spent in classrooms. Finally, achievement and instructional time both suffer when students are not in school or find it hard to concentrate because of disciplinary problems in the environment. Truancy and absenteeism can arise from a great variety of social and personal conditions, ranging from poverty and peer group influence to boredom and poor academic background. Discipline problems often emerge from conflicts, misunderstanding about rules, or the absence of clear boundaries for behaviors. Following are some of the behaviors associated in the research with increasing academic learning time (that is, time spent learning). The list focuses two crucial dimensions for learning time: ensuring c lass attendance and allocated time for instruction. For improving attendance Identify problems in enforcing rules on attendance and discipline observe that policies are clearly communicated to the staff members Put together community support particularly with parents Help teachers to set up a reward system for good attendance Distribute duty with teachers in informing parents of class absence. Allocated time for instruction Holds staff meeting to discuss common problems in instructional planning and offer solutions Protects classroom instructional time from interruption Insists on observing schedule Expects teachers to start and end classes on time, using the full allocated time for instruction Streamlines clerical tasks so that teachers can perform them more quickly. Visits classrooms to observe teachers and students 5. Creating a Climate for Learning All the important factors that appear to affect students learning possibly having the greatest influence is the set of beliefs, values, and attitudes that administrators, teachers, and students hold about learning. When a staff commits to support specific values, the concept of school improvement moves from the future to the present, and from the abstract to the concrete. So important is learning climate that it has been defined as the standard, viewpoint, and attitudes reflected in institutional patterns and behavior routine that improve student learning. The attitude that students shape about academic learning come, at least in part, from the adults in the school. It is clear that the norms for learning come from the staffs requirement of students: the amount of time needed for studying, the amount of work assigned, the degree of independent work that students can do, the degree of attentiveness students feel about the work given to them. High expectations are the fulcrum point that instructional leaders can use to get involved teachers, students and parents away from unhelpful unencouraging attitudes. Following are elements which are used to raise or lower the expectations Amount and quality of praise for correct answers Actual amount of teaching that students receive Content covered Teacher encouragement and support Teacher assistance and willingness to help Wait time Response opportunity factor (No of times students are called on) 6. Monitoring Achievement and evaluating programs It is a primary task of instructional leaders to assess and revise the instructional programs in schools. As in the case of supervising and evaluating teachers, whole programs can be reviewed for planning, objectives, success in reaching the objectives, and particular successes and problems. Ultimately the success of any educational program comes down to the performance of the students. Are they reaching the objectives proposed? Where are they failing and why? The more specifically that problems can be identified, the more successfully the learning problems can be remedied or traced to particular objectives, units, or course activities. Supervision and Teacher Development: Ernest Boyer (in Sparks, 1984) observed that when you talk about school progress, you are talking about people development. Thats the only aspect to improve schools unless you mean painting the buildings and fixing the floors. But thats not the school, thats the shell. The school is people, so when we talk about excellence or improvement or progress, were really talking about the people who make up the building. Focusing on people is the most useful way to change any organization. In fact, it can be claimed that organizations do not change, only persons change. It is only when a sufficient number of people within an organization change that the organization can be transformed. So, supervision means helping workers by offering professional advice and technical support in speed up efficiency and improving effectiveness of the process of production and product itself. Support and evaluation are the two major function of the instructional supervision. Support provides the support to improve the teaching process in terms of effective use of text books helping materials and methodologies needed for the individual needs of the students. Evaluation is the process of collecting the information for improvement in instruction and analyzing the data which then be used to improve the quality. If this assumption that people are the key to school improvement is correct, then it follows that the fundamental role of the principal is to help create the conditions which enable a staff to develop so that the school can achieve its goals more effectively. In short, a key to school improvement is the willingness and ability of principals to assume the role of staff developers who make it their mission to alter the professional practices, beliefs, and understandings of school personnel toward an articulated end. Supervision and teacher development go hand in hand. Supervision provides support and help to teachers. Principals have a responsibility to help teachers, improve their practice and to hold them accountable for meeting their commitments to teaching and learning. These responsibilities are usually referred to as supervision. Supervision enhances teacher development. The principal should keep in mind that what actions should be taken to bring about greater understanding of te aching and learning? Principals must encourage teachers to acquire new skills, support them during the inevitable frustrations, and recognize their efforts. Procedures must be in place to gather data on the impact of staff development initiatives, and principals must publicly celebrate indicators of improvement in order to help sustain those initiatives. Supervision is primarily formative and collegial, being concerned with improving teaching effectiveness. It is also important that principals be committed to continuous improvement. Schools can become learning organizations capable of significant change only if those within them recognize that school improvement is a complex, ongoing process rather than a task to be completed. While it is important that principals celebrate the attainment of improvement goals, it is even more important that such celebrations serve as motivators for staying the course rather than signal that the improvement process has ended. Most importantly, principals must not mistake congeniality with collegiality. They must strive to create a culture in which teachers talk about teaching and learning; observe each other teach; plan, design, research, and evaluate the curriculum, and teach each other what they have learned about their craft.

Assisted Suicides :: essays research papers

Assisted Suicides The Washington Post September 2-8, 1996 Picture yourself in this situation. You go to the doctor for a routine physical. You look fine. You feel good. All those exhausting workouts at the gym are finally starting to pay off and you actually stuck to that low fat, high vitamin diet you're doctor recommended. You have never felt better. You are essentially the epitome of a healthy, fit human being. Then, out of nowhere, you are diagnosed with a disorder of the nervous system accompanied by chronic fatigue syndrome. The illness is permanent and there is no cure. It will only progress and worsen with time, and all you can do is wait. What would you do? If you were 42-year-old Judith Curren, a nurse and mother of two small children, you'd be in close contact with the infamous suicide assessor, Dr. Jack Kevorkian, a.k.a. "Doctor Death," discussing your "options." However, according to an editorial published in The Washington Post, entitled "38 Assisted Suicides," many people believe that when it comes to matters such as life and death, there are no options. The decision to live or die is made by God. Judith Curren didn't agree. With the assistance of Dr. Kevorkian, she died and the retired pathologist presided at his 38th assisted suicide, fairly confident that he will not be prosecuted or even suffer public disapproval. Many of the people who have sought out Dr. Kevorkian have been terribly ill and suffering, with no hope of long-term survival. Their stories offered examples that built public sympathy for this cause. But from the beginning, even among observers who believe that the desperately sick should be given help to die, there have been questionable cases. For example, a woman in her fifties allegedly suffering from early Alzheimer's disease was fit enough to play tennis with her adult son shortly before dying. Another-said to have had a painful, progressive illness-was found to be free of disease by the county medical examiner. The article argued this point, "Is it in any way merciful, compassionate, or 'healing' (a favorite word of Kevorkian fans) to assist in the suicide of a middle-aged woman who is tired and depressed and married to a man whom she recently accused of attacking her and who then delivers her to Dr. Kevorkian? Pain is controllable. Depression and fatigue can be ameliorated by drugs. Violent husbands can be prosecuted and divorced. Suicide in such a case is unreasonable. A doctor's help in that course is unconscionable." I had mixed feelings on this editorial because I take into consideration both sides of the argument.